Since most single phase transformers have a secondary voltage of 120/240, they will be operated as a three wire system. Care must be taken in properly distributing the load as the transformer secondary consists of 2 separate 120 volt windings. Each 120 volt winding is rated at one-half the name plate KVA rating. For example: A 10 KVA transformer, 120/240 volt secondary is to service an 8 KVA load at 240 volts and two 1 KVA loads at 120 volts each. If the incorrect method is used, winding A will be loaded at 6 KVA, and winding B will be loaded at 4 KVA. These do total 10 KVA but since each winding is only rated at 5 KVA (1/2 of nameplate rating), we have an overloaded transformer and a certain failure.
How can the problem be remedied : No residual magnetism, reversed field connection and high resistance of field circuit are responsible for the failure of build up process of a dc generator. The factors are explained below: No residual magnetism: For the starting build up process requires some residual magnetism in the magnetic circuit then no voltage will be generated that can produce current flow through field circuit. Reversed field connection: The voltage induced inside the coil of field circuit due to residual magnetism that can permit the flow of current. For the following direction of this flux will be created and the direction of this flux will be same direction as the residual flux. If the field connections are reversed the lines of flux produced by current flow will oppose the residual flux, as a result generate voltage will decrease rather than increase. So voltage build up process failed. Field circuit resistance too high: A field
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