We find the five Sections in light machine shop. There are-
1. Shaper Section
2. Lathe Section
3. Milling
Section
4. Grinding
Section
5. Jig Section
Shaper Section:
There are two types of shaper machine-
1.Vertical
shaper machine or slotting machine
2. Horizontal or
hydraulic shaper machine
Figure: Shapper machine
Figure: Shapper machine
1) Vertical shaper
machine or slotting machine : Vertical
shaper machine situated vertically. Here job move clockwise. Mainly it is used
for finishing. The table is fixed. It is also used for internal gear cutting.
It is produce key way , warm gear.
# Origin :
RUSSIA
# Length :
25-200 mm
# Stroke :
40-163
2) Horizontal or
hydraulic shaper machine :
Here job is
fixed and ram moving to and fro motion. It is used for metal cutting.
Lathe Section
Lathe is one of the most important machines in any workshop.
The initial objective of using a lathe was to remove material.
Principal parts of a lathe machine :
Principal parts of a lathe machine :
(1) (1) Bed
(2)(2) Headstock
(3) (3)Tailstock
(4) (4) Carriage
(5)
Feed mechanism
(6) Thread-cutting mechanism
(7) Tool post
(8) Live centre
(9) Dead centre
(10)
Spindle
In BITAC there are 23 pieces lathe machine in the light
machine shop. There has some types-
1. Capstan
lathe machine
2. Center lathe
machine
3. Copping
lathe machine
1) Capstan lathe also called production lathe because it hold 6 job at a
time and cutting comperativly. Less time
is required in making a desired shape of job. Maximum 8 tools used in this
lathe. It has no extra lead screw but it can cutting thread.
2) Center lathe machine
: The center
lathe machine used to turn and cut metal. A few of the common operations are
facing, straight turning, taper turning, thread cutting, parting, necking,
knurling and forming.There are two type center lathe machine – BECO
CL 250, BECO CL 160.
3) Copping lathe
machine : It is very important type lathe machine because it can copy the design.
Here the lead and pitch is same. It’s step 0.25, 0.5, 0.75,1 inch. It can carry
about 1 ton weight.
Milling Section
A milling
machine is one that is designed to remove metal and other materials from a
piece of work with a revolving cutter as the work is fed against it.
Principal parts of a
milling machine :
(1) Column, (2)
Knee, (3) Table, (4) Spindle, (5) Over-arm
In BITAC there are three types of milling machine. Such as-
1.Vertical
milling machine
2. Horizontal
milling machine
3. Gear hob
machine
Vertical milling
machine :
In vertical milling machine the spindle and table are similarly located.
The spindle has the vertical movement and the table has vertical, longitudinal
and transverse movement.
Operations : Boring, Facing, Drilling, Key cutting, Angular
cutting.
Horizontal milling
machine :
In horizontal milling machine is one which the longitudinal travel of
the table is fixed at right angels to the spindle.
Gear hob machine :
Gear
hob machine cut only gear. Such as Spur gear, Helical gear and Warm gear. In
this machine when spindle move 12 times then the table move only one time.
Grinding Section
A grinding machine is a machine which
employs a grinding wheel for producing cylindrical, conical, or plane surface
accurately and economically, and to the proper shape, size and finish.
Types of Grinding Machine :
1. Cutter grinding machine
2. Cylindrical grinding machine ( External )
3. Surface grinding machine
4.Internal grinding machine
5.Center grinding machine
1) Cutter Grinding Machine : A cutter grinding machine is a machine that
holds the cutter while a rotating abrasive wheel is applied to the edges for
the purpose of sharpening it. Main parts of this machine are work head, work
head spindle, longitudinal slide, wheel head, wheel head spindle and vertical
slide.
2) Cylindrical Grinding
Machine (External) :
External grinding, as commonly thought of, is
the act of grinding the outside diameter of a piece of work while it is
revolving on its axis for the purpose of reducing it to size, and leaving a
fine finish. However, external grinders are also used to produce external cams,
eccentrics and special forms on the outside diameter of work.
Capacity: Bed
size – 42 inches, Max. diameter – 10 inches, Max. length – 6 ft.
Operation:
Grinding the outside diameter of a piece of work, producing external cams,
eccentrics, and special forms on the outside diameter of work.
.
3) Surface Grinding Machine: Surface
grinding is the act of producing and finishing flat surfaces by means of a
grinding machine employing a revolving abrasive head.
Limitation: Only flat jobs can be machined, the
cylindrical shaped job can not be machined by this grinding machine.
4) Internal Grinding Machine: Internal grinding is the operation of grinding straight-cylindrical,
tapered or formed holes to accurate size.
Capacity: Max. length – 2.5 ft., max.
diameter -5 inches
5) Center Grinding Machine :
In center grinding machine headstock and tailstock are not included.
Capacity: Max. diameter - 8 inches.
Advantages: It can be used for large production.
Limitation: The job must not involve more than
step.
Jig section
In BITAC jig section two type of jig machine is situated.
1.Jig boring
machine
2. Jig grinding
machine
1)Jig boring machine : Jig boring machine is used for
boring. Hard metal can not be cut by this machine. In this machine it is
possible to boring center to center 100% accurately. It is also produce 100%
accurate diameter. It has possible to drill only 0.3 mm. Spindle is moving. It
can boring 0.125-6.5 inch diameter.
5 degree F( 3 degree C) = 0.0001 inch( 0.0025 mm)
# Speed : 2500
rpm
2) Jig grinding machine : It can be operated for hard and soft metals. It is used for most
accurate grinding. The spindle head can moving 1.5 degree angle. It is operate
electric and air compressor mechanism.
5 degree FAHR
change = 0.0001 inch
Main parts: Grinding wheel, grinding head and
air compressor
Comments
Post a Comment